Ordenar archivos con Python

Stosh. Lo más probable es que muchos en la carpeta de descargas hayan recopilado varios instaladores, archivos y otros archivos diferentes. Y ahora llega el momento en que necesitas encontrar un archivo de este montón de excrementos. Entonces pensé, ¿por qué no escribir un script para el clasificador de extensiones de archivo en Python?

Escribiendo el código

Primero, importemos el módulo del sistema operativo estándar para que funcione con el sistema operativo. Con este módulo crearemos carpetas y moveremos archivos.

import os
      
      

        
        
        
      

    
        
        
        
      
      

        
        
        
      

    
    

, . backslash, Python . 2 , r, .

main_path = 'd:\\down'
# main_path = r'd:\down
      
      

        
        
        
      

    
        
        
        
      
      

        
        
        
      

    
    

, os.mkdir()

os.mkdir(main_path + '\\aboba')
      
      

        
        
        
      

    
        
        
        
      
      

        
        
        
      

    
    

. os.path.exists().

# also creates folders from dictionary keys
def create_folders_from_list(folder_path, folder_names):
    for folder in folder_names:
        if not os.path.exists(f'{folder_path}\\{folder}'):
            os.mkdir(f'{folder_path}\\{folder}')
      
      

        
        
        
      

    
        
        
        
      
      

        
        
        
      

    
    

extensions. - . - .

# key names will be folder names!
extensions = {

    'video': ['mp4', 'mov', 'avi', 'mkv', 'wmv', '3gp', '3g2', 'mpg', 'mpeg', 'm4v', 
              'h264', 'flv', 'rm', 'swf', 'vob'],

    'data': ['sql', 'sqlite', 'sqlite3', 'csv', 'dat', 'db', 'log', 'mdb', 'sav', 
             'tar', 'xml'],

    'audio': ['mp3', 'wav', 'ogg', 'flac', 'aif', 'mid', 'midi', 'mpa', 'wma', 'wpl',
              'cda'],

    'image': ['jpg', 'png', 'bmp', 'ai', 'psd', 'ico', 'jpeg', 'ps', 'svg', 'tif', 
              'tiff'],

    'archive': ['zip', 'rar', '7z', 'z', 'gz', 'rpm', 'arj', 'pkg', 'deb'],

    'text': ['pdf', 'txt', 'doc', 'docx', 'rtf', 'tex', 'wpd', 'odt'],

    '3d': ['stl', 'obj', 'fbx', 'dae', '3ds', 'iges', 'step'],

    'presentation': ['pptx', 'ppt', 'pps', 'key', 'odp'],

    'spreadsheet': ['xlsx', 'xls', 'xlsm', 'ods'],

    'font': ['otf', 'ttf', 'fon', 'fnt'],

    'gif': ['gif'],

    'exe': ['exe'],

    'bat': ['bat'],

    'apk': ['apk']
}
      
      

        
        
        
      

    
        
        
        
      
      

        
        
        
      

    
    

create_folders_from_list() . .

. os.scandir() , .

def get_subfolder_paths(folder_path) -> list:
    subfolder_paths = [f.path for f in os.scandir(folder_path) if f.is_dir()]

    return subfolder_paths
      
      

        
        
        
      

    
        
        
        
      
      

        
        
        
      

    
    

, . ? , .

, .

def get_subfolder_names(folder_path) -> list:
    subfolder_paths = get_subfolder_paths(folder_path)
    subfolder_names = [f.split('\\')[-1] for f in subfolder_paths]

    return subfolder_names
      
      

        
        
        
      

    
        
        
        
      
      

        
        
        
      

    
    

, get_subfolder_paths() not.

def get_file_paths(folder_path) -> list:
    file_paths = [f.path for f in os.scandir(folder_path) if not f.is_dir()]

    return file_paths
      
      

        
        
        
      

    
        
        
        
      
      

        
        
        
      

    
    

.

def get_file_names(folder_path) -> list:
    file_paths = [f.path for f in os.scandir(folder_path) if not f.is_dir()]
    file_names = [f.split('\\')[-1] for f in file_paths]

    return file_names
      
      

        
        
        
      

    
        
        
        
      
      

        
        
        
      

    
    

. file_paths. ext_list extensions.items(). - , - , - , .

def sort_files(folder_path):
    file_paths = get_file_paths(folder_path)
    ext_list = list(extensions.items())
      
      

        
        
        
      

    
        
        
        
      
      

        
        
        
      

    
    

. .

for file_path in file_paths:
  extension = file_path.split('.')[-1]
  file_name = file_path.split('\\')[-1]
      
      

        
        
        
      

    
        
        
        
      
      

        
        
        
      

    
    

. , . , .

for dict_key_int in range(len(ext_list)):
  if extension in ext_list[dict_key_int][1]:
    print(f'Moving {file_name} in {ext_list[dict_key_int][0]} folder\n')
    os.rename(file_path, f'{main_path}\\{ext_list[dict_key_int][0]}\\{file_name}')
      
      

        
        
        
      

    
        
        
        
      
      

        
        
        
      

    
    

os.rename(" ", " ")

:

def sort_files(folder_path):
    file_paths = get_file_paths(folder_path)
    ext_list = list(extensions.items())

    for file_path in file_paths:
        extension = file_path.split('.')[-1]
        file_name = file_path.split('\\')[-1]

        for dict_key_int in range(len(ext_list)):
            if extension in ext_list[dict_key_int][1]:
                print(f'Moving {file_name} in {ext_list[dict_key_int][0]} folder\n')
                os.rename(file_path, f'{main_path}\\{ext_list[dict_key_int][0]}\\{file_name}')
      
      

        
        
        
      

    
        
        
        
      
      

        
        
        
      

    
    

- . . . . , os.listdir("folder_path") . , os.rmdir("folder_path")

def remove_empty_folders(folder_path):
    subfolder_paths = get_subfolder_paths(folder_path)

    for p in subfolder_paths:
        if not os.listdir(p):
            print('Deleting empty folder:', p.split('\\')[-1], '\n')
            os.rmdir(p)
      
      

        
        
        
      

    
        
        
        
      
      

        
        
        
      

    
    

import os

main_path = 'd:\\down'

# key names will be folder names!
extensions = {

    'video': ['mp4', 'mov', 'avi', 'mkv', 'wmv', '3gp', '3g2', 'mpg', 'mpeg', 'm4v', 'h264', 'flv',
              'rm', 'swf', 'vob'],

    'data': ['sql', 'sqlite', 'sqlite3', 'csv', 'dat', 'db', 'log', 'mdb', 'sav', 'tar', 'xml'],

    'audio': ['mp3', 'wav', 'ogg', 'flac', 'aif', 'mid', 'midi', 'mpa', 'wma', 'wpl', 'cda'],

    'image': ['jpg', 'png', 'bmp', 'ai', 'psd', 'ico', 'jpeg', 'ps', 'svg', 'tif', 'tiff'],

    'archive': ['zip', 'rar', '7z', 'z', 'gz', 'rpm', 'arj', 'pkg', 'deb'],

    'text': ['pdf', 'txt', 'doc', 'docx', 'rtf', 'tex', 'wpd', 'odt'],

    '3d': ['stl', 'obj', 'fbx', 'dae', '3ds', 'iges', 'step'],

    'presentation': ['pptx', 'ppt', 'pps', 'key', 'odp'],

    'spreadsheet': ['xlsx', 'xls', 'xlsm', 'ods'],

    'font': ['otf', 'ttf', 'fon', 'fnt'],

    'gif': ['gif'],

    'exe': ['exe'],

    'bat': ['bat'],

    'apk': ['apk']
}


# also creates folders from dictionary keys
def create_folders_from_list(folder_path, folder_names):
    for folder in folder_names:
        if not os.path.exists(f'{folder_path}\\{folder}'):
            os.mkdir(f'{folder_path}\\{folder}')


def get_subfolder_paths(folder_path) -> list:
    subfolder_paths = [f.path for f in os.scandir(folder_path) if f.is_dir()]

    return subfolder_paths


def get_file_paths(folder_path) -> list:
    file_paths = [f.path for f in os.scandir(folder_path) if not f.is_dir()]

    return file_paths


def sort_files(folder_path):
    file_paths = get_file_paths(folder_path)
    ext_list = list(extensions.items())

    for file_path in file_paths:
        extension = file_path.split('.')[-1]
        file_name = file_path.split('\\')[-1]

        for dict_key_int in range(len(ext_list)):
            if extension in ext_list[dict_key_int][1]:
                print(f'Moving {file_name} in {ext_list[dict_key_int][0]} folder\n')
                os.rename(file_path, f'{main_path}\\{ext_list[dict_key_int][0]}\\{file_name}')


def remove_empty_folders(folder_path):
    subfolder_paths = get_subfolder_paths(folder_path)

    for p in subfolder_paths:
        if not os.listdir(p):
            print('Deleting empty folder:', p.split('\\')[-1], '\n')
            os.rmdir(p)


if __name__ == "__main__":
    create_folders_from_list(main_path, extensions)
    sort_files(main_path)
    remove_empty_folders(main_path)
      
      

        
        
        
      

    
        
        
        
      
      

        
        
        
      

    
    

, , . - extensions.

. YouTube , , , , mkv mp4 (premiere mkv) .

.

main_folder = 'f:\\shtosh python\\new video'

# key names will be folder names!
extensions = {

    'img': ['jpg', 'png', 'bmp', 'gif', 'ico', 'jpeg'],

    'audio': ['mp3', 'wav'],

    'footage': ['mp4', 'mov', 'avi'],

    'mkv': ['mkv'],

    'prj': []
}
      
      

        
        
        
      

    
        
        
        
      
      

        
        
        
      

    
    

Con este enfoque, puedo poner cualquier archivo para editar en una carpeta, luego ejecutar el script e importarlo todo fácilmente a Premiere Pro.

Conclusión

Stosh. El código está en GitHub. Tómalo, cámbialo por ti mismo, úsalo para tu salud. Estaría encantado de recibir cualquier comentario.

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UPD. Modificado el programa, teniendo en cuenta (no todos) los comentarios en los comentarios. No reescribí el artículo, soy demasiado vago.