En esta publicación, discutiremos las características de Terraform. El lenguaje Terraform incluye una serie de funciones integradas que puede llamar desde expresiones para transformar y combinar valores. La sintaxis general para las llamadas a funciones es el nombre de la función, seguido de los argumentos, separados por comas, entre paréntesis.
<function_name>(<argument1>, <argument2>, …<argumentN>)
A continuación, explicaremos las características de Terraform con ejemplos. Usaremos la consola terraform para esta demostración.
Características de Terraform:
Abra la consola terraform
terraform console
Funciones numéricas
abs(number): .
abs(-19.86)
# 19.86
ceil(number): ,
ceil(7.1)
# 8
floor(number): ,
floor(7.1)
# 7
log(number, base): log .
log(16,2)
# 4
max(N1,N2,..Nn): .
max(3,2,6,8.8,7)
# 8.8
min(N1,N2,..Nn): .
min(3,2,6,8.8,7)
# 2
pow(number,power): , .
pow(8,2)
# 64
signum(number): , -1 1 .
signum(-4)
# -1
signum(4)
# 1
chomp("string"): .
chomp("cloudaffaire\n")
# cloudaffaire
(** \ n )
format(spec, values...):
format("Welcome, to %s", "CloudAffaire")
# Welcome, to CloudAffaire
format("The year is %d", 2019)
# The year is 2019
format("%4.4f+", 3.86)
# 3.8600+
formatlist(spec, values...): formatlist
. , .
formatlist("www.%s.com",list("azure","aws","google"))
# [www.azure.com,www.aws.com,www.google.com]
indent(num_spaces, string): , , .
indent(8,"hi, \n welcome \n to \n cloudaffaire")
#1st line hi has no indentaton
join(separator, list): , .
join(".",list("www","google","com"))
# www.google.com
lower(string): .
lower("CLOUDAFFAIRE")
# cloudaffaire
upper(string): .
upper("cloudaffaire")
# CLOUDAFFAIRE
replace(string, substring, replacement): ,
.
replace("www.google.com","google","cloudaffaire")
# www.cloudaffaire.com
split(separator, string): , .
split(".","www.google.com")
# ["www","google","com"]
strrev(string): . , Unicode.
strrev("google")
#: elgoog
( terraform 0.12 )
substr(string, offset, length): .
substr("www.google.com",4,6)
# google
title(string): .
title("welcome to cloudaffaire")
# Welcome To Cloudaffaire
trimspace(string): .
trimspace(" hello, all ")
# "hello, all
"
chunklist(list, chunk_size): , .
chunklist(list("a","b","c","d","e","f"),3)
# [["a","b","c"],["d","e","f"]]
coalesce(strings\numbers): , .
coalesce("",1,"a")
# 1
coalescelist(list1, list2,… listn): .
coalescelist(list(),list("a","b","c"),list("d","e"))
# ["a","b","c",]
compact(list(string)): .
compact(list("a","","c","","d"))
# ["a","c","d"]
concat(list1, list2,… listn): .
concat(list("a","b"),list("c","d"),list("e","f"))
# ["a","b","c","d","e","f"]
contains(list, value): , .
contains(list("a","b","c"),"a")
# true
contains(list("a","b","c"),"d")
# false
distinct(list): .
distinct(list("a","b","b","c"))
# ["a","b","c",]
element(list, index): .
element(list("a","b","c"),2)
# c #index start from 0
index(list, value): .
index(list("a","b","c"),"b")
# 1
flatten(list(list1,list2,..,listn)): , .
flatten(list(list("a","b"),list("c"),list(),list("d","e")))
# ["a","b","c","d","e",]
keys(map): , .
keys(map("name","debjeet","sex","male"))
# ["name","sex",]
length(list\map\string): , .
length(list("a","b"))
# 2
length("debjeet")
# 7
length(map("name","debjeet","sex","male"))
# 2
list(): , .
list("a","b","c")
# ["a","b","c",]
lookup(map, key, default): , . , .
lookup(map("name","debjeet","sex","male"),"sex","not found!")
# male
lookup(map("name","debjeet","","male"),"gender","not found!")
# not found!
map("key1","value1","key2","value2",...,"keyn","valuen"): ,
.
map("name","debjeet","sex","male")
# {"name" = "debjeet" "sex" = "male"}
matchkeys(valueslist, keyslist, searchset): , ,
.
matchkeys(list("a","b","c"),list("one","two","three"),list("two"))
# b
matchkeys(list("a","b","c"),list("one","two","three"),list("one"))
# a
matchkeys(list("a","b","c"),list("one","two","three"),list("three"))
# c
merge(map1,map2,..,mapn):
.
merge(map("a","one"),map("b","two"),map("c","three"))
# {"a" = "one" "b" = "two" "c" = "three"}
reverse(list): .
, , .
reverse(list("a","b","c"))
#: ["c","b","a",]
( terraform 0.12 )
setintersection(sets...): , , .
setintersection(list("a","b"),list("b","c"),list("b","d"))
# ["b",]
( terraform 0.12 )
setproduct(sets...): , .
setproduct(list("a","b"),list("c","d"))
# [["a","c"],["a","d"],["b","c"],["b","d"],]
( terraform 0.12 )
setunion(sets...): , .
, .
setunion(list("a","b"),list("c","d"))
# ["a","b","c","d",]
( terraform 0.12 )
slice(list, startindex, endindex):
slice(list("zero","one","two","three"),1,3)
# ["one","two"]
sort(list): , .
sort(list("d","c","a","b"))
# ["a","b","c","d",]
transpose(): , .
transpose(map("a",list("one","two"),"b",list("three","four")))
# {"four"=["b",] "one"=["a",] "three"=["b",] "two"=["a",]}
values(map): , .
values(map("name","debjeet","sex","male"))
# ["debjeet","male",]
zipmap(keyslist, valueslist): .
zipmap(list("name","sex"),list("debjeet","male"))
# {"name" = "debjeet" "sex" = "male"}
base64encode(string): Base64 .
base64encode("cloudaffaire")
# Y2xvdWRhZmZhaXJl
base64gzip(string): gzip, Base64.
base64gzip("cloudaffaire")
# H4sIAAAAAAAA/0rOyS9NSUxLS8wsSgUAAAD//wEAAP//38z9sQwAAAA=
base64decode(string): , Base64, .
base64decode("Y2xvdWRhZmZhaXJl")
# cloudaffaire
csvdecode(string): , CSV, , .
csvdecode("a,b,c\n1,2,3\n")
# [{"a"="1" "b"="2" "c"="3"},]
( terraform 0.12 )
jsonencode(): , JSON.
jsonencode(map("name","debjeet"))
# {"name":"debjeet"}
jsondecode(): JSON, .
jsondecode("{\"name\":\"debjeet\"}")
# {"name" = "debjeet"} ( terraform 0.12 )
urlencode(): URL .
urlencode("https://cloudaffaire.com/?s=terraform")
# https%3A%2F%2Fcloudaffaire.com%2F%3Fs%3Dterraform
dirname(string): , , .
dirname("/home/ec2-user/terraform/main.tf")
# /home/ec2-user/terraform
pathexpand(): , ~,
, .
pathexpand("~/.ssh/id_rsa")
# /home/ec2-user/.ssh/id_rsa
basename(string): , , , .
basename("/home/ec2-user/terraform/main.tf")
# main.tf
file(path):
file("/home/ec2-user/terraform/main.tf")
# content of main.tf
fileexists(path): , .
fileexists("/home/ec2-user/terraform/main.tf")
# true if main.tf exist
( terraform 0.12 )
filebase64(path): base64.
filebase64("/home/ec2-user/terraform/main.tf")
# main.tf base64. ( terraform 0.12 )
templatefile(path, vars): , .
formatdate(spec, timestamp): .
formatdate("MMM DD, YYYY", "2018-01-02T23:12:01Z")
# Jan 02, 2018
( terraform 0.12 ). https://www.terraform.io/docs/configuration/functions/formatdate.html
timeadd(timestamp, duration): , .
— , , «1,5 » «1 30 ».
: "ns", "us" (or "µs"), "ms", "s", "m", and "h".
, , "-2h5m".
timeadd("2019-05-10T00:00:00Z", "10m")
# 2019-05-10T00:10:00Z
timestamp():
timestamp()
IP
cidrhost(prefix, hostnum): IP- IP- .
cidrhost("10.0.0.0/16", 4)
# 10.0.0.4
cidrhost("10.0.0.0/16", -4)`` #
10.0.255.252`
cidrnetmask(prefix): IPv4-, CIDR, .
cidrnetmask("10.0.0.0/16")
# 255.255.0.0
cidrnetmask("10.0.0.0/24")
# 255.255.255.0
cidrsubnet(prefix, newbits, netnum): cidrsubnet IP- .
CIDR
newbits
— , .
netnum
— , , newbits
cidrsubnet("10.0.0.0/16",8,2)
# 10.0.2.0/24
cidrsubnet("10.0.0.0/24",8,1)
# 10.0.0.1/32
Salir de la consola terraform
exit
Para obtener una lista completa de las funciones de terraform, consulte la documentación de terraform a continuación.