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. , . API HTTP, (JSON, XML . .), , (REST) .
REST . OpenAPI , , REST API. API API, , , -. REST API HTTP GraphQL, .
— , . . , . REST API HTTP, . , , gRPC, .
gRPC?
gRPC — API (Remote procedure call — RPC) . RPC, , . , Thrift Avro, gRPC (interface description language — IDL). gRPC HTTP/2 — , gRPC REST HTTP/1.1.
gRPC Protocol Buffers, , . , , () Protocol Buffers, .
gRPC
, , . 1 - , Ballerina Golang, , -. gRPC , , .
.
syntax="proto3";
package retail_shop;
service OrderService {
rpc UpdateOrder(Item) returns (Order);
}
message Item {
string itemNumber = 1;
int32 quantity = 2;
}
message Order {
string itemNumber = 1;
int32 totalQuantity = 2;
float subTotal = 3;
1. Order (order.proto)
Order . gRPC Ballerina gRPC / .
$ ballerina grpc --mode service --input proto/order.proto --output gen_code
.
import ballerina/grpc;
listener grpc:Listener ep = new (9090);
service OrderService on ep {
resource function UpdateOrder(grpc:Caller caller, Item value) {
// Implementation goes here.
// You should return an Order
}
}
public type Order record {|
string itemNumber = "";
int totalQuantity = 0;
float subTotal = 0.0;
|};
public type Item record {|
string itemNumber = "";
int quantity = 0;
|};
2. (OrderServicesampleservice.bal).
gRPC service
Ballerina, gRPC rpc resource function
Ballerina, gRPC — record
.
Order Ballerina OrderService gRPC.
$ ballerina grpc --mode client --input proto/order.proto --output gen_code
, . , gRPC gRPC.
public remote function UpdateOrder(Item req, grpc:Headers? headers = ()) returns ([Order, grpc:Headers]|grpc:Error) {
var payload = check self.grpcClient->blockingExecute("retail_shop.OrderService/UpdateOrder", req, headers);
grpc:Headers resHeaders = new;
anydata result = ();
[result, resHeaders] = payload;
return [<Order>result, resHeaders];
}
};
Ballerina gRPC, , UpdateOrder
.
Checkout , , Cart. stream Order
.
syntax="proto3";
package retail_shop;
service CheckoutService {
rpc Checkout(stream Order) returns (FinalBill) {}
}
message Order {
string itemNumber = 1;
int32 totalQuantity = 2;
float subTotal = 3;
}
message FinalBill {
float total = 1;
}
4. Checkout (checkout.proto)
checkout.proto
, ballerina grpc
.
$ ballerina grpc --mode service --input proto/checkout.proto --output gencode
gRPC
Cart () , , , . :
service CheckoutService on ep {
resource function Checkout(grpc:Caller caller, stream<Order,error> clientStream) {
float totalBill = 0;
//Iterating through streamed messages here
error? e = clientStream.forEach(function(Order order) {
totalBill += order.subTotal;
});
//Once the client completes stream, a grpc:EOS error is returned to indicate it
if (e is grpc:EOS) {
FinalBill finalBill = {
total:totalBill
};
//Sending the total bill to the client
grpc:Error? result = caller->send(finalBill);
if (result is grpc:Error) {
log:printError("Error occurred when sending the Finalbill: " +
result.message() + " - " + <string>result.detail()["message"]);
} else {
log:printInfo ("Sending Final Bill Total: " +
finalBill.total.toString());
}
result = caller->complete();
if (result is grpc:Error) {
log:printError("Error occurred when closing the connection: " +
result.message() +" - " + <string>result.detail()["message"]);
}
}
//If the client sends an error instead it can be handled here
else if (e is grpc:Error) {
log:printError("An unexpected error occured: " + e.message() + " - " +
<string>e.detail()["message"]);
}
}
}
5. Service CheckoutService
(CheckoutServicesampleservice.bal)
grpc:EOS
, , ( ) caller object
.
$ ballerina grpc --mode client --input proto/checkout.proto --output gencode
Cart. Cart REST API: , — . , gRPC Order . Checkout , , Checkout gRPC . Ballerina Stream Client Object
gRPC. 2 , Ballerina.
CheckoutService resource function checkout Cart. , gRPC Stock, Golang, , .
syntax="proto3";
package retail_shop;
option go_package = "../stock;gen";
import "google/api/annotations.proto";
service StockService {
rpc UpdateStock(UpdateStockRequest) returns (Stock) {
option (google.api.http) = {
// Route to this method from POST requests to /api/v1/stock
put: "/api/v1/stock"
body: "*"
};
}
}
message UpdateStockRequest {
string itemNumber = 1;
int32 quantity = 2;
}
message Stock {
string itemNumber = 1;
int32 quantity = 2;
6. Stock (stock.proto)
UpdateStock REST API API, gRPC . grpc-gateway — protoc, gRPC -, RESTful JSON API gRPC.
grpc-gateway API- gRPC REST.
protoc -I/usr/local/include -I. \ -I$GOROOT/src \ -I$GOROOT/src/github.com/grpc-ecosystem/grpc-gateway/third_party/googleapis \ --go_out=plugins=grpc:. \ stock.proto
protoc -I/usr/local/include -I. \
-I$GOROOT/src \
-I$GOROOT/src/github.com/grpc-ecosystem/grpc-gateway/third_party/googleapis \
--grpc-gateway_out=logtostderr=true:. \
stock.proto
protoc -I/usr/local/include -I. \
-I$GOROOT/src \
-I$GOROOT/src/github.com/grpc-ecosystem/grpc-gateway/third_party/googleapis \
-I$GOROOT/src \
--swagger_out=logtostderr=true:../stock/gen/. \
./stock.proto
git microservices-with-grpc README.md.
gRPC , . gRPC , , . , gRPC , REST API, , grpc-gateway. , , gRPC, Deadlines, Cancellation, Channels xDS, .
Ballerina gRPC, :
Golang gRPC, , , , Interceptor, Deadlines, Cancellation, Channels gRPC , . git grpc-go, .
:
Generating Unified APIs with Protocol Buffers and gRPC
Writing REST Services for the gRPC curious
Using gRPC for Long-lived and Streaming RPCs
"Software Architect".
" API HTTP".