🍊 👨‍🎤 🎫 Usando Nginx FastCGI Cache 👨🏽‍🎤 👩🏾‍🍳 👩🏿‍🤝‍👨🏻

FastCGI Cache es un sistema de almacenamiento en caché de datos implementado a nivel de servidor HTTP Nginx .

La ventaja de FastCGI Cache es que Nginx devolverá la respuesta en caché al usuario tan pronto como reciba una solicitud, mientras que la capa de aplicación no procesará la solicitud HTTP entrante si está en la caché de Nginx.

Usar FastCGI Cache es una excelente manera de reducir la carga en su sistema.

Si su sitio tiene páginas que rara vez cambian o el retraso en la actualización de la información por un tiempo no es crítico, entonces FastCGI Cache es exactamente lo que necesita.

Cómo funciona Nginx FastCGI Cache

Si una solicitud HTTP llegó al servidor Nginx y hace algún tiempo la respuesta a la misma solicitud se colocó en la caché, Nginx no enviará esta solicitud para ejecutar PHP-FPM, en lugar de esto, Nginx devolverá el resultado de la caché.

Tarea

Supongamos que tenemos un sistema de control basado en web para un vuelo a la luna, que está escrito en PHP. Cada usuario debe ingresar su nombre de usuario y contraseña para ingresar al sistema y estar en la página principal de la aplicación espacial.

, , . . . SQL- .

, , .

, , . .

, .
-. .
1 .

http {

    include /etc/nginx/mime.types;

    server {
    
        listen 80;
        index index.php index.html;
        server_name moon-flight.aero;
        error_log /var/log/nginx/moon-flight.aero.error.log;
        access_log /var/log/nginx/moon-flight.aero.access.log
        root /var/www/moon-flight.aero/public;

        location / {
            try_files $uri $uri/ /index.php?$query_string;
        }

        location ~ \.php$ {
            try_files $uri =404;
            fastcgi_split_path_info ^(.+\.php)(/.+)$;
            fastcgi_pass unix:/var/run/php/php7.3-fpm.sock;
            fastcgi_index index.php;
            include fastcgi_params;
            fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME $document_root$fastcgi_script_name;
            fastcgi_param PATH_INFO $fastcgi_script_name;
        }
    }
}

, fastcgi_cache_path http.

fastcgi_cache_path /tmp/nginx_cache levels=1:2 keys_zone=fastcgicache:10m inactive=70m max_size=512m;

/tmp/nginx_cache , . /tmp , . , , /tmp/nginx_cache .

— . levels=1:2. , 2. , , .

— . keys_zone=fastcgicache:10m , fastcgicache, 10m — . 10 80 000 . , .

— inactive=70m, , , , . , , inactive, , . inactive 10 .

max_size=512m — . . , Nginx .

. fastcgi_cache_key. http, server location.

server fastcgi_cache_key:

fastcgi_cache_key "$scheme$request_method$host$request_uri$cookie_codeAuth";

— $scheme

— $request_method

— $host

— $request_uri

— $cookie_codeAuth

. , .

, :

http://moon-flight.aero/search/?query=10

Nginx :


$scheme	`http`
$request_method	`GET`
$host	`moon-flight.aero`
$request_uri	`/search/?query=10`
$cookie_codeAuth	Cookie codeAuth, . Cookie -.

, Cookie codeAuth. .

Nginx Cookie, $cookie_.

, HTTP- :

Cookie: codeAuth=a7e30fbb7f4513redfd22049c6b5dzme306f4e

"$scheme$request_method$host$request_uri$cookie_codeAuth" , , . $cookie_codeAuth .

server fastcgi_cache, fastcgi_cache_valid, fastcgi_cache_bypass fastcgi_no_cache location.

server.

, $request_uri "/".
GET . $request_method GET.
, GET . $query_string "".

3 ( server):

set $no_cache 0;

if ($request_method != GET) {
     set $no_cache 1;
}

if ($query_string != "") {
     set $no_cache 1;
}

if ($request_uri != "/") {
     set $no_cache 1;
}

fastcgi_cache, fastcgi_cache_valid, fastcgi_cache_bypass fastcgi_no_cache location.

fastcgi_cache fastcgicache;
fastcgi_cache_valid 200 60m;
fastcgi_cache_bypass $no_cache;
fastcgi_no_cache $no_cache;

fastcgi_cache — , . fastcgi_cache_path.

fastcgi_cache_valid — HTTP- . 60 200.

fastcgi_cache_bypass — , . 0, .

fastcgi_no_cache — , . 0, .

sudo service nginx reload

, ?

. , $upstream_cache_status.

server add_header :

add_header x-fastcgi-cache $upstream_cache_status;

x-fastcgi-cache — .

$upstream_cache_status :

MISS
BYPASS
EXPIRED
STALE
UPDATING
REVALIDATED
HIT

, HIT.

http {

    include /etc/nginx/mime.types;
    
    fastcgi_cache_path /tmp/nginx_cache levels=1:2 keys_zone=fastcgicache:10m inactive=70m max_size=512m;

    server {
    
        listen 80;
        index index.php index.html;
        server_name moon-flight.aero;
        error_log /var/log/nginx/moon-flight.aero.error.log;
        access_log /var/log/nginx/moon-flight.aero.access.log
        root /var/www/moon-flight.aero/public;
        
        fastcgi_cache_key "$scheme$request_method$host$request_uri$cookie_codeAuth";
        
        set $no_cache 0;

        if ($request_method != GET) {
            set $no_cache 1;
        }

        if ($query_string != "") {
            set $no_cache 1;
        }
    
        if ($request_uri != "/") {
            set $no_cache 1;
        }

        location / {
            try_files $uri $uri/ /index.php?$query_string;
        }
        
        add_header x-fastcgi-cache $upstream_cache_status;

        location ~ \.php$ {
        
            fastcgi_cache fastcgicache;
            fastcgi_cache_valid 200 60m;
            fastcgi_cache_bypass $no_cache;
            fastcgi_no_cache $no_cache;
        
            try_files $uri =404;
            fastcgi_split_path_info ^(.+\.php)(/.+)$;
            fastcgi_pass unix:/var/run/php/php7.3-fpm.sock;
            fastcgi_index index.php;
            include fastcgi_params;
            fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME $document_root$fastcgi_script_name;
            fastcgi_param PATH_INFO $fastcgi_script_name;
        }
    }
}

Nginx :

sudo nginx -t

, , :

sudo service nginx reload

Apache Bench

Apache Bench -. C Apache Bench , . cookies.

Apache Bench Ununtu.

sudo apt-get update

sudo apt-get install apache2-utils

Apache Bench

FastCGI Cache $no_cache 1.

sudo service nginx reload

. , Apache Bench :

ab -c 5 -n 100 -C "codeAuth=a7e30fbb7f4513redfd22049c6b5dzme306f4e" http://moon-flight.aero

http://moon-flight.aero 100 , 5 . -C , cookie codeAuth.

This is ApacheBench, Version 2.3 <$Revision: 1843412 $>
Copyright 1996 Adam Twiss, Zeus Technology Ltd, http://www.zeustech.net/
Licensed to The Apache Software Foundation, http://www.apache.org/

Benchmarking moon-flight.aero (be patient).....done


Server Software:        nginx/1.14.0
Server Hostname:        moon-flight.aero
Server Port:            80

Document Path:          /
Document Length:        31134 bytes

Concurrency Level:      5
Time taken for tests:   2.978 seconds
Complete requests:      100
Failed requests:        0
Total transferred:      3150400 bytes
HTML transferred:       3113400 bytes
Requests per second:    33.58 [#/sec] (mean)
Time per request:       148.878 [ms] (mean)
Time per request:       29.776 [ms] (mean, across all concurrent requests)
Transfer rate:          1033.25 [Kbytes/sec] received

Connection Times (ms)
              min  mean[+/-sd] median   max
Connect:       23   29   5.0     27      50
Processing:    58  112  17.1    113     142
Waiting:       58  112  17.0    113     142
Total:         85  141  16.7    142     176

Percentage of the requests served within a certain time (ms)
  50%    142
  66%    149
  75%    154
  80%    159
  90%    163
  95%    166
  98%    170
  99%    176
 100%    176 (longest request)

3 , 100 . — 33.58 .

Apache Bench

$no_cache 0.

sudo service nginx reload

ab -c 5 -n 100 -C "codeAuth=a7e30fbb7f4513redfd22049c6b5dzme306f4e" http://moon-flight.aero

This is ApacheBench, Version 2.3 <$Revision: 1843412 $>
Copyright 1996 Adam Twiss, Zeus Technology Ltd, http://www.zeustech.net/
Licensed to The Apache Software Foundation, http://www.apache.org/

Benchmarking moon-flight.aero (be patient).....done


Server Software:        nginx/1.14.0
Server Hostname:        moon-flight.aero
Server Port:            80

Document Path:          /
Document Length:        31134 bytes

Concurrency Level:      5
Time taken for tests:   1.068 seconds
Complete requests:      100
Failed requests:        0
Total transferred:      3150104 bytes
HTML transferred:       3113400 bytes
Requests per second:    93.64 [#/sec] (mean)
Time per request:       53.398 [ms] (mean)
Time per request:       10.680 [ms] (mean, across all concurrent requests)
Transfer rate:          2880.52 [Kbytes/sec] received

Connection Times (ms)
              min  mean[+/-sd] median   max
Connect:       23   31   6.5     27      47
Processing:    14   17   7.8     16      93
Waiting:       14   17   7.8     16      93
Total:         37   47  10.1     44     122

Percentage of the requests served within a certain time (ms)
  50%     44
  66%     49
  75%     52
  80%     54
  90%     56
  95%     61
  98%     63
  99%    122
 100%    122 (longest request)

1 , 100 . — 93.64 .

Una descripción del ngx_http_fastcgi_module está disponible en el enlace: http://nginx.org/ru/docs/http/ngx http fastcgi_module.html

Video sobre cómo configurar FastCGI Cache Nginx: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Nri2KOI3HJo&t=66s

Documentación de Apache Bench: https://httpd.apache.org/docs/2.4/programs/ab.html

Usando Nginx FastCGI Cache

Cómo funciona Nginx FastCGI Cache

Tarea

Apache Bench

More articles: