Clever Geek Handbook

Automatización de servicios de clase informática Powershell





Desde hace varios años trabajo en la universidad para dar soporte a 10 estaciones de trabajo que ejecutan Microsoft Windows 8.1. Básicamente, el soporte consiste en instalar el software necesario para el proceso educativo y asegurar el desempeño general.



Cada estación tiene 2 usuarios: administrador y estudiante. El administrador tiene el control total, el estudiante no tiene la capacidad de instalar el software. Para no molestar en limpiar al usuario Estudiante, esta cuenta simplemente se elimina por completo y se crea de nuevo. Esto conlleva algunos movimientos corporales que deben realizarse en cada estación.



Este año decidí automatizar la mayoría de los movimientos corporales usando PowerShell sin ActiveDirectory y recopilé en esta publicación algunas recetas que encontré en la red.



Formación



Inmediatamente me encontré con el hecho de que PS 4 estaba instalado en las estaciones y algunos ejemplos de Internet que todo lo sabe no funcionaban. Por lo tanto, antes de ejecutar los scripts resultantes, debe realizar un par de acciones:



  1. Instalar Windows Management Framework 5.1
  2. Instale la última versión de PowerShell


Acciones automatizadas



  1. Eliminar / crear cuenta de usuario
  2. Inicio de sesión automático para un usuario determinado
  3. Ejecutar el script cuando el usuario inicia sesión por primera vez


Eliminar / crear cuenta de usuario



Empezó creando. En este caso, debe realizar 2 acciones: crear un usuario ( New-LocalUser ) y agregarlo al grupo ( Add-LocalGroupMember) . Por conveniencia, combiné estos comandos en una función: 



Function New-User {
    <#
    .SYNOPSIS
          
    .DESCRIPTION
                  
    .EXAMPLE
        #New-User "Student" "Student"
    .PARAMETER Name
           ( )
    .PARAMETER Password
         ( )
    #>

    [CmdletBinding()]
    param (
        [PARAMETER(Mandatory=$True)][String]$Name,
        [PARAMETER(Mandatory=$True)][String]$Password
        )

    $Pwd = convertto-securestring $Password -asplaintext -force
    $GroupSID = "S-1-5-32-545"
    New-LocalUser -User $Name -AccountNeverExpires:$true -FullName $Name -Password $Pwd -PasswordNeverExpires:$true
    Add-LocalGroupMember -SID $GroupSID -Member $Name

    Write-Host "--   $Name   $Password" -foregroundcolor Green
}


Agrego al grupo por SID, porque en uno de los artículos encontré que el SID del grupo de Usuarios es el mismo en todas partes: S-1-5-32-545.



Organice la eliminación de acuerdo con el siguiente principio: eliminar todas las cuentas creadas por el Administrador. Para hacer esto, usando el objeto WMI de la clase Win32_UserProfile, defino todos los usuarios que no están actualmente activos y no son especiales. 



Function Remove-Users {
    <#
    .SYNOPSIS
         
    .DESCRIPTION
           ,        
                
    .EXAMPLE
        #Remove-Users
    #>
    [CmdletBinding()]

    $UsersProfiles = Get-WMIObject -class Win32_UserProfile -ComputerName $env:COMPUTERNAME | Where {!($_.Loaded) -and !($_.Special)}
    foreach($Usr in $UsersProfiles) {
       	$UsrName = $Usr.LocalPath.Split("\")[2]
       	Write-Host "--   $UsrName ..." -foregroundcolor Green
       	Remove-LocalUser -Name $UsrName
	Remove-WmiObject -Path $Usr.__PATH
        Write-Host "--  $UsrName " -foregroundcolor Green
    }
}


Inicio de sesión automático (inicio de sesión automático) del usuario especificado



Todo aquí se limitó a cambiar el registro HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE. Estas acciones también se combinan en una pequeña función: 



Function Set-AutoLogon {
    <#
    .SYNOPSIS
           
    .DESCRIPTION
              
    .EXAMPLE
        #Set-AutoLogon  "Student" "Student"
    .PARAMETER Name
          ( )
    .PARAMETER Password
         ( )
    #>

    [CmdletBinding()]
    param (
        [PARAMETER(Mandatory=$True)][String]$Name,
        [PARAMETER(Mandatory=$True)][String]$Password
        )

    $PathToWinlogon = "HKLM:\Software\Microsoft\Windows NT\CurrentVersion\Winlogon"
    New-ItemProperty -Path $PathToWinlogon -Name AutoAdminLogon  -Value 1 -PropertyType "String"
    New-ItemProperty -Path $PathToWinlogon -Name DefaultUserName -Value $Name -PropertyType "String"
    New-ItemProperty -Path $PathToWinlogon -Name DefaultPassword -Value $Password -PropertyType "String"
}


Ejecutar el script cuando el usuario inicia sesión por primera vez



Resultó que no todo se puede configurar antes del primer inicio de sesión de un nuevo usuario (lo que me sorprendió un poco). Por lo tanto, era necesario ejecutar un script que realiza algunas acciones después del primer inicio de sesión:



  1. Configuración de proxy
  2. Evitar la creación de archivos en el escritorio
  3. Personalización del panel de control de usuario


Probé varios métodos, pero el siguiente resultó funcionar para mí: instalar la tarea. Pero no pude conseguir la tarea mediante PS. Entonces tomé un camino largo: 



schtasks /create /tn LogonUserSettings /tr "pwsh C:\Scripts\Settings.ps1" /sc onlogon /ru $env:USERDOMAIN\$UserName /rp $Password /f


Pero esto no fue suficiente: Windows solicitó permiso para iniciar sesión como un trabajo por lotes (SeBatchLogonRight). La búsqueda de una respuesta a la pregunta de cómo hacer esto condujo al siguiente resultado :



LsaWrapper 
$Source = @'
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Text;

namespace MyLsaWrapper
{
    using System.Runtime.InteropServices;
    using System.Security;
    using System.Management;
    using System.Runtime.CompilerServices;
    using System.ComponentModel;

    using LSA_HANDLE = IntPtr;

    [StructLayout(LayoutKind.Sequential)]
    struct LSA_OBJECT_ATTRIBUTES
    {
        internal int Length;
        internal IntPtr RootDirectory;
        internal IntPtr ObjectName;
        internal int Attributes;
        internal IntPtr SecurityDescriptor;
        internal IntPtr SecurityQualityOfService;
    }
    [StructLayout(LayoutKind.Sequential, CharSet = CharSet.Unicode)]
    struct LSA_UNICODE_STRING
    {
        internal ushort Length;
        internal ushort MaximumLength;
        [MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.LPWStr)]
        internal string Buffer;
    }
    sealed class Win32Sec
    {
        [DllImport("advapi32", CharSet = CharSet.Unicode, SetLastError = true),
        SuppressUnmanagedCodeSecurityAttribute]
        internal static extern uint LsaOpenPolicy(
        LSA_UNICODE_STRING[] SystemName,
        ref LSA_OBJECT_ATTRIBUTES ObjectAttributes,
        int AccessMask,
        out IntPtr PolicyHandle
        );

        [DllImport("advapi32", CharSet = CharSet.Unicode, SetLastError = true),
        SuppressUnmanagedCodeSecurityAttribute]
        internal static extern uint LsaAddAccountRights(
        LSA_HANDLE PolicyHandle,
        IntPtr pSID,
        LSA_UNICODE_STRING[] UserRights,
        int CountOfRights
        );

        [DllImport("advapi32", CharSet = CharSet.Unicode, SetLastError = true),
        SuppressUnmanagedCodeSecurityAttribute]
        internal static extern int LsaLookupNames2(
        LSA_HANDLE PolicyHandle,
        uint Flags,
        uint Count,
        LSA_UNICODE_STRING[] Names,
        ref IntPtr ReferencedDomains,
        ref IntPtr Sids
        );

        [DllImport("advapi32")]
        internal static extern int LsaNtStatusToWinError(int NTSTATUS);

        [DllImport("advapi32")]
        internal static extern int LsaClose(IntPtr PolicyHandle);

        [DllImport("advapi32")]
        internal static extern int LsaFreeMemory(IntPtr Buffer);

    }
    /// <summary>
    /// This class is used to grant "Log on as a service", "Log on as a batchjob", "Log on localy" etc.
    /// to a user.
    /// </summary>
    public sealed class LsaWrapper : IDisposable
    {
        [StructLayout(LayoutKind.Sequential)]
        struct LSA_TRUST_INFORMATION
        {
            internal LSA_UNICODE_STRING Name;
            internal IntPtr Sid;
        }
        [StructLayout(LayoutKind.Sequential)]
        struct LSA_TRANSLATED_SID2
        {
            internal SidNameUse Use;
            internal IntPtr Sid;
            internal int DomainIndex;
            uint Flags;
        }

        [StructLayout(LayoutKind.Sequential)]
        struct LSA_REFERENCED_DOMAIN_LIST
        {
            internal uint Entries;
            internal LSA_TRUST_INFORMATION Domains;
        }

        enum SidNameUse : int
        {
            User = 1,
            Group = 2,
            Domain = 3,
            Alias = 4,
            KnownGroup = 5,
            DeletedAccount = 6,
            Invalid = 7,
            Unknown = 8,
            Computer = 9
        }

        enum Access : int
        {
            POLICY_READ = 0x20006,
            POLICY_ALL_ACCESS = 0x00F0FFF,
            POLICY_EXECUTE = 0X20801,
            POLICY_WRITE = 0X207F8
        }
        const uint STATUS_ACCESS_DENIED = 0xc0000022;
        const uint STATUS_INSUFFICIENT_RESOURCES = 0xc000009a;
        const uint STATUS_NO_MEMORY = 0xc0000017;

        IntPtr lsaHandle;

        public LsaWrapper()
            : this(null)
        { }
        // // local system if systemName is null
        public LsaWrapper(string systemName)
        {
            LSA_OBJECT_ATTRIBUTES lsaAttr;
            lsaAttr.RootDirectory = IntPtr.Zero;
            lsaAttr.ObjectName = IntPtr.Zero;
            lsaAttr.Attributes = 0;
            lsaAttr.SecurityDescriptor = IntPtr.Zero;
            lsaAttr.SecurityQualityOfService = IntPtr.Zero;
            lsaAttr.Length = Marshal.SizeOf(typeof(LSA_OBJECT_ATTRIBUTES));
            lsaHandle = IntPtr.Zero;
            LSA_UNICODE_STRING[] system = null;
            if (systemName != null)
            {
                system = new LSA_UNICODE_STRING[1];
                system[0] = InitLsaString(systemName);
            }

            uint ret = Win32Sec.LsaOpenPolicy(system, ref lsaAttr,
            (int)Access.POLICY_ALL_ACCESS, out lsaHandle);
            if (ret == 0)
                return;
            if (ret == STATUS_ACCESS_DENIED)
            {
                throw new UnauthorizedAccessException();
            }
            if ((ret == STATUS_INSUFFICIENT_RESOURCES) || (ret == STATUS_NO_MEMORY))
            {
                throw new OutOfMemoryException();
            }
            throw new Win32Exception(Win32Sec.LsaNtStatusToWinError((int)ret));
        }

        public void AddPrivileges(string account, string privilege)
        {
            IntPtr pSid = GetSIDInformation(account);
            LSA_UNICODE_STRING[] privileges = new LSA_UNICODE_STRING[1];
            privileges[0] = InitLsaString(privilege);
            uint ret = Win32Sec.LsaAddAccountRights(lsaHandle, pSid, privileges, 1);
            if (ret == 0)
                return;
            if (ret == STATUS_ACCESS_DENIED)
            {
                throw new UnauthorizedAccessException();
            }
            if ((ret == STATUS_INSUFFICIENT_RESOURCES) || (ret == STATUS_NO_MEMORY))
            {
                throw new OutOfMemoryException();
            }
            throw new Win32Exception(Win32Sec.LsaNtStatusToWinError((int)ret));
        }

        public void Dispose()
        {
            if (lsaHandle != IntPtr.Zero)
            {
                Win32Sec.LsaClose(lsaHandle);
                lsaHandle = IntPtr.Zero;
            }
            GC.SuppressFinalize(this);
        }
        ~LsaWrapper()
        {
            Dispose();
        }
        // helper functions

        IntPtr GetSIDInformation(string account)
        {
            LSA_UNICODE_STRING[] names = new LSA_UNICODE_STRING[1];
            LSA_TRANSLATED_SID2 lts;
            IntPtr tsids = IntPtr.Zero;
            IntPtr tdom = IntPtr.Zero;
            names[0] = InitLsaString(account);
            lts.Sid = IntPtr.Zero;
            //Console.WriteLine("String account: {0}", names[0].Length);
            int ret = Win32Sec.LsaLookupNames2(lsaHandle, 0, 1, names, ref tdom, ref tsids);
            if (ret != 0)
                throw new Win32Exception(Win32Sec.LsaNtStatusToWinError(ret));
            lts = (LSA_TRANSLATED_SID2)Marshal.PtrToStructure(tsids,
            typeof(LSA_TRANSLATED_SID2));
            Win32Sec.LsaFreeMemory(tsids);
            Win32Sec.LsaFreeMemory(tdom);
            return lts.Sid;
        }

        static LSA_UNICODE_STRING InitLsaString(string s)
        {
            // Unicode strings max. 32KB
            if (s.Length > 0x7ffe)
                throw new ArgumentException("String too long");
            LSA_UNICODE_STRING lus = new LSA_UNICODE_STRING();
            lus.Buffer = s;
            lus.Length = (ushort)(s.Length * sizeof(char));
            lus.MaximumLength = (ushort)(lus.Length + sizeof(char));
            return lus;
        }
    }
    public class LsaWrapperCaller
    {
        public static void AddPrivileges(string account, string privilege)
        {
            using (LsaWrapper lsaWrapper = new LsaWrapper())
            {
                lsaWrapper.AddPrivileges(account, privilege);
            }
        }
    }
}
'@

Add-Type -TypeDefinition $Source
[MyLsaWrapper.LsaWrapperCaller]::AddPrivileges($Identity, "SeBatchLogonRight")




Permitir los inicios de sesión como un trabajo por lotes nos permitió pasar a escribir un script que se ejecuta debajo del usuario.



Configuración de proxy



Con la configuración del proxy, todo resultó sencillo. Rápidamente se encontró una solución funcional : 



Function Set-Proxy {
    <#
    .SYNOPSIS
          
    .DESCRIPTION
              
    .EXAMPLE
        #Set-Proxy a.cproxy.ru 8080
    .PARAMETER Server
             ( )
    .PARAMETER Port
         ( )
    #>

    [CmdletBinding()]
    param (
        [PARAMETER(Mandatory=$True)][String]$Server,
        [PARAMETER(Mandatory=$True)][Int]$Port
        )

    If ((Test-NetConnection -ComputerName $Server -Port $Port).TcpTestSucceeded) {
        Set-ItemProperty -Path 'HKCU:\Software\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Internet Settings' -name ProxyServer -Value "$($Server):$($Port)"
        Set-ItemProperty -Path 'HKCU:\Software\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Internet Settings' -name ProxyEnable -Value 1
    } Else {
        Write-Error -Message "-- Invalid proxy server address or port:  $($Server):$($Port)"
    }
}


Evitar la creación de archivos en el escritorio



La prohibición de crear archivos en el escritorio tomó más tiempo que la red. La configuración de los derechos de la carpeta no estaba ahí como en los sistemas * nix. Pero incluso aquí hubo respuestas que adapté con éxito para mí: 



Function Set-AccessRule {
    <#
    .SYNOPSIS
           
    .DESCRIPTION
              
    .EXAMPLE
        #Set-AccessRule -Folder $env:USERPROFILE\Desktop\  -UserName $env:USERNAME -Rules CreateFiles,AppendData -AccessControlType Deny
    .PARAMETER Folder
        ,     ( )
    .PARAMETER UserName
           ,      ( )
    .PARAMETER Rules
            ( )
    .PARAMETER AccessControlType
         ,       : Allow  Deny
    #>
    [CmdletBinding()]
    param (
        [PARAMETER(Mandatory=$True)][Path]$Folder,
        [PARAMETER(Mandatory=$True)][String]$UserName,
        [PARAMETER(Mandatory=$True)][String]$Rules,
        [PARAMETER(Mandatory=$True)][String]$AccessControlType
        )

    #   ACL  
    $acl = Get-Acl $Folder
    #    
    $fileSystemRights = [System.Security.AccessControl.FileSystemRights]"$Rules"
    #C    ,     
    $AccessRule = New-Object System.Security.AccessControl.FileSystemAccessRule($UserName, $fileSystemRights, $AccessControlType)
    #    FileSystemAccessRule   
    $acl.SetAccessRule($AccessRule)
    #   
    $acl | Set-Acl $Folder
}

Set-AccessRule -Folder $env:USERPROFILE\Desktop\  -UserName $env:USERNAME -Rules CreateFiles,AppendData,Delete -AccessControlType Deny


Descripción de FileSystemRights en el sitio web oficial .



Personalización del panel de control de usuario



Esto era opcional, pero pensé que sería genial proporcionar a los estudiantes un panel personalizado con programas de uso común. La respuesta se encontró aquí .



Aplicación fijada 
function Set-PinnedApplication
{
    <#
    .SYNOPSIS
            
    .DESCRIPTION
                 
    .EXAMPLE
        #Set-PinnedApplication -Action UnpinfromTaskbar -FilePath "$env:ProgramFiles\Internet Explorer\iexplore.exe"
    .EXAMPLE
        #Set-PinnedApplication -Action PintoTaskbar -FilePath "${env:ProgramFiles(x86)}\Mozilla Firefox\firefox.exe"
    .PARAMETER Action
         ,       : UnpinfromTaskbar  PintoTaskbar
    .PARAMETER FilePath
           ,      ( )
    #>
    [CmdletBinding()]
    param(
        [Parameter(Mandatory=$True)][String]$Action, 
        [Parameter(Mandatory=$True)][String]$FilePath
   	)
    if(-not (test-path $FilePath)) { 
   	throw "FilePath does not exist."  
    }
    function InvokeVerb {
   	param([string]$FilePath,$verb)
	$verb = $verb.Replace("&","")
	$path = split-path $FilePath
	$shell = new-object -com "Shell.Application" 
	$folder = $shell.Namespace($path)   
	$item = $folder.Parsename((split-path $FilePath -leaf))
	$itemVerb = $item.Verbs() | ? {$_.Name.Replace("&","") -eq $verb}
	if($itemVerb -eq $null){
		throw "Verb $verb not found."			
	} else {
		$itemVerb.DoIt()
	}
   }
    function GetVerb {
	param([int]$verbId)
	try {
		$t = [type]"CosmosKey.Util.MuiHelper"
	} catch {
	    $def = [Text.StringBuilder]""
	    [void]$def.AppendLine('[DllImport("user32.dll")]')
	    [void]$def.AppendLine('public static extern int LoadString(IntPtr h,uint id, System.Text.StringBuilder sb,int maxBuffer);')
	    [void]$def.AppendLine('[DllImport("kernel32.dll")]')
	    [void]$def.AppendLine('public static extern IntPtr LoadLibrary(string s);')
	    Add-Type -MemberDefinition $def.ToString() -name MuiHelper -namespace CosmosKey.Util			
	}
	if($global:CosmosKey_Utils_MuiHelper_Shell32 -eq $null){		
	    $global:CosmosKey_Utils_MuiHelper_Shell32 = [CosmosKey.Util.MuiHelper]::LoadLibrary("shell32.dll")
	}
	$maxVerbLength=255
	$verbBuilder = New-Object Text.StringBuilder "",$maxVerbLength
	[void][CosmosKey.Util.MuiHelper]::LoadString($CosmosKey_Utils_MuiHelper_Shell32,$verbId,$verbBuilder,$maxVerbLength)
	return $verbBuilder.ToString()
    }
    $verbs = @{ 
	"PintoTaskbar"=5386
	"UnpinfromTaskbar"=5387
    }
    if($verbs.$Action -eq $null){
   	Throw "Action $action not supported`nSupported actions are:`n`tPintoTaskbar`n`tUnpinfromTaskbar"
    }
    InvokeVerb -FilePath $FilePath -Verb $(GetVerb -VerbId $verbs.$action)
}




Conclusión



Los scripts están funcionando, se ha reducido el tiempo de servicio para cada estación, se ha logrado el objetivo. Para mí, como usuario de Linux, configurar Windows resultó no ser la aventura más fácil, sino educativa. Desarrollaré el script de configuración. Hay planes para agregar una verificación para el software instalado y la instalación, lanzando un antivirus.



Guiones finales en el trabajo 



Function New-User {
    <#
    .SYNOPSIS
          
    .DESCRIPTION
                  
    .EXAMPLE
        #New-User "Student" "Student"
    .PARAMETER Name
           ( )
    .PARAMETER Password
         ( )
    #>

    [CmdletBinding()]
    param (
        [PARAMETER(Mandatory=$True)][String]$Name,
        [PARAMETER(Mandatory=$True)][String]$Password
        )

    $Pwd = convertto-securestring $Password -asplaintext -force
    $GroupSID = "S-1-5-32-545"
    New-LocalUser -User $Name -AccountNeverExpires:$true -FullName $Name -Password $Pwd -PasswordNeverExpires:$true
    Add-LocalGroupMember -SID $GroupSID -Member $Name

    Write-Host "--   $Name   $Password" -foregroundcolor Green
}

Function Remove-Users {
    <#
    .SYNOPSIS
         
    .DESCRIPTION
           ,        
                
    .EXAMPLE
        #Remove-Users
    #>
    [CmdletBinding()]

    $UsersProfiles = Get-WMIObject -class Win32_UserProfile -ComputerName $env:COMPUTERNAME | Where {!($_.Loaded) -and !($_.Special)}
	foreach($Usr in $UsersProfiles) {
        $UsrName = $Usr.LocalPath.Split("\")[2]
        Write-Host "--   $UsrName ..." -foregroundcolor Green
        Remove-LocalUser -Name $UsrName
		Remove-WmiObject -Path $Usr.__PATH
        Write-Host "--  $UsrName " -foregroundcolor Green
	}
}

Function Set-AutoLogon {
    <#
    .SYNOPSIS
           
    .DESCRIPTION
              
    .EXAMPLE
        #Set-AutoLogon  "Student" "Student"
    .PARAMETER Name
          ( )
    .PARAMETER Password
         ( )
    #>

    [CmdletBinding()]
    param (
        [PARAMETER(Mandatory=$True)][String]$Name,
        [PARAMETER(Mandatory=$True)][String]$Password
        )

    $PathToWinlogon = "HKLM:\Software\Microsoft\Windows NT\CurrentVersion\Winlogon"
    New-ItemProperty -Path $PathToWinlogon -Name AutoAdminLogon  -Value 1 -PropertyType "String"
    New-ItemProperty -Path $PathToWinlogon -Name DefaultUserName -Value $Name -PropertyType "String"
    New-ItemProperty -Path $PathToWinlogon -Name DefaultPassword -Value $Password -PropertyType "String"
}

$Source = @'
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Text;

namespace MyLsaWrapper
{
    using System.Runtime.InteropServices;
    using System.Security;
    using System.Management;
    using System.Runtime.CompilerServices;
    using System.ComponentModel;

    using LSA_HANDLE = IntPtr;

    [StructLayout(LayoutKind.Sequential)]
    struct LSA_OBJECT_ATTRIBUTES
    {
        internal int Length;
        internal IntPtr RootDirectory;
        internal IntPtr ObjectName;
        internal int Attributes;
        internal IntPtr SecurityDescriptor;
        internal IntPtr SecurityQualityOfService;
    }
    [StructLayout(LayoutKind.Sequential, CharSet = CharSet.Unicode)]
    struct LSA_UNICODE_STRING
    {
        internal ushort Length;
        internal ushort MaximumLength;
        [MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.LPWStr)]
        internal string Buffer;
    }
    sealed class Win32Sec
    {
        [DllImport("advapi32", CharSet = CharSet.Unicode, SetLastError = true),
        SuppressUnmanagedCodeSecurityAttribute]
        internal static extern uint LsaOpenPolicy(
        LSA_UNICODE_STRING[] SystemName,
        ref LSA_OBJECT_ATTRIBUTES ObjectAttributes,
        int AccessMask,
        out IntPtr PolicyHandle
        );

        [DllImport("advapi32", CharSet = CharSet.Unicode, SetLastError = true),
        SuppressUnmanagedCodeSecurityAttribute]
        internal static extern uint LsaAddAccountRights(
        LSA_HANDLE PolicyHandle,
        IntPtr pSID,
        LSA_UNICODE_STRING[] UserRights,
        int CountOfRights
        );

        [DllImport("advapi32", CharSet = CharSet.Unicode, SetLastError = true),
        SuppressUnmanagedCodeSecurityAttribute]
        internal static extern int LsaLookupNames2(
        LSA_HANDLE PolicyHandle,
        uint Flags,
        uint Count,
        LSA_UNICODE_STRING[] Names,
        ref IntPtr ReferencedDomains,
        ref IntPtr Sids
        );

        [DllImport("advapi32")]
        internal static extern int LsaNtStatusToWinError(int NTSTATUS);

        [DllImport("advapi32")]
        internal static extern int LsaClose(IntPtr PolicyHandle);

        [DllImport("advapi32")]
        internal static extern int LsaFreeMemory(IntPtr Buffer);

    }
    /// <summary>
    /// This class is used to grant "Log on as a service", "Log on as a batchjob", "Log on localy" etc.
    /// to a user.
    /// </summary>
    public sealed class LsaWrapper : IDisposable
    {
        [StructLayout(LayoutKind.Sequential)]
        struct LSA_TRUST_INFORMATION
        {
            internal LSA_UNICODE_STRING Name;
            internal IntPtr Sid;
        }
        [StructLayout(LayoutKind.Sequential)]
        struct LSA_TRANSLATED_SID2
        {
            internal SidNameUse Use;
            internal IntPtr Sid;
            internal int DomainIndex;
            uint Flags;
        }

        [StructLayout(LayoutKind.Sequential)]
        struct LSA_REFERENCED_DOMAIN_LIST
        {
            internal uint Entries;
            internal LSA_TRUST_INFORMATION Domains;
        }

        enum SidNameUse : int
        {
            User = 1,
            Group = 2,
            Domain = 3,
            Alias = 4,
            KnownGroup = 5,
            DeletedAccount = 6,
            Invalid = 7,
            Unknown = 8,
            Computer = 9
        }

        enum Access : int
        {
            POLICY_READ = 0x20006,
            POLICY_ALL_ACCESS = 0x00F0FFF,
            POLICY_EXECUTE = 0X20801,
            POLICY_WRITE = 0X207F8
        }
        const uint STATUS_ACCESS_DENIED = 0xc0000022;
        const uint STATUS_INSUFFICIENT_RESOURCES = 0xc000009a;
        const uint STATUS_NO_MEMORY = 0xc0000017;

        IntPtr lsaHandle;

        public LsaWrapper()
            : this(null)
        { }
        // // local system if systemName is null
        public LsaWrapper(string systemName)
        {
            LSA_OBJECT_ATTRIBUTES lsaAttr;
            lsaAttr.RootDirectory = IntPtr.Zero;
            lsaAttr.ObjectName = IntPtr.Zero;
            lsaAttr.Attributes = 0;
            lsaAttr.SecurityDescriptor = IntPtr.Zero;
            lsaAttr.SecurityQualityOfService = IntPtr.Zero;
            lsaAttr.Length = Marshal.SizeOf(typeof(LSA_OBJECT_ATTRIBUTES));
            lsaHandle = IntPtr.Zero;
            LSA_UNICODE_STRING[] system = null;
            if (systemName != null)
            {
                system = new LSA_UNICODE_STRING[1];
                system[0] = InitLsaString(systemName);
            }

            uint ret = Win32Sec.LsaOpenPolicy(system, ref lsaAttr,
            (int)Access.POLICY_ALL_ACCESS, out lsaHandle);
            if (ret == 0)
                return;
            if (ret == STATUS_ACCESS_DENIED)
            {
                throw new UnauthorizedAccessException();
            }
            if ((ret == STATUS_INSUFFICIENT_RESOURCES) || (ret == STATUS_NO_MEMORY))
            {
                throw new OutOfMemoryException();
            }
            throw new Win32Exception(Win32Sec.LsaNtStatusToWinError((int)ret));
        }

        public void AddPrivileges(string account, string privilege)
        {
            IntPtr pSid = GetSIDInformation(account);
            LSA_UNICODE_STRING[] privileges = new LSA_UNICODE_STRING[1];
            privileges[0] = InitLsaString(privilege);
            uint ret = Win32Sec.LsaAddAccountRights(lsaHandle, pSid, privileges, 1);
            if (ret == 0)
                return;
            if (ret == STATUS_ACCESS_DENIED)
            {
                throw new UnauthorizedAccessException();
            }
            if ((ret == STATUS_INSUFFICIENT_RESOURCES) || (ret == STATUS_NO_MEMORY))
            {
                throw new OutOfMemoryException();
            }
            throw new Win32Exception(Win32Sec.LsaNtStatusToWinError((int)ret));
        }

        public void Dispose()
        {
            if (lsaHandle != IntPtr.Zero)
            {
                Win32Sec.LsaClose(lsaHandle);
                lsaHandle = IntPtr.Zero;
            }
            GC.SuppressFinalize(this);
        }
        ~LsaWrapper()
        {
            Dispose();
        }
        // helper functions

        IntPtr GetSIDInformation(string account)
        {
            LSA_UNICODE_STRING[] names = new LSA_UNICODE_STRING[1];
            LSA_TRANSLATED_SID2 lts;
            IntPtr tsids = IntPtr.Zero;
            IntPtr tdom = IntPtr.Zero;
            names[0] = InitLsaString(account);
            lts.Sid = IntPtr.Zero;
            //Console.WriteLine("String account: {0}", names[0].Length);
            int ret = Win32Sec.LsaLookupNames2(lsaHandle, 0, 1, names, ref tdom, ref tsids);
            if (ret != 0)
                throw new Win32Exception(Win32Sec.LsaNtStatusToWinError(ret));
            lts = (LSA_TRANSLATED_SID2)Marshal.PtrToStructure(tsids,
            typeof(LSA_TRANSLATED_SID2));
            Win32Sec.LsaFreeMemory(tsids);
            Win32Sec.LsaFreeMemory(tdom);
            return lts.Sid;
        }

        static LSA_UNICODE_STRING InitLsaString(string s)
        {
            // Unicode strings max. 32KB
            if (s.Length > 0x7ffe)
                throw new ArgumentException("String too long");
            LSA_UNICODE_STRING lus = new LSA_UNICODE_STRING();
            lus.Buffer = s;
            lus.Length = (ushort)(s.Length * sizeof(char));
            lus.MaximumLength = (ushort)(lus.Length + sizeof(char));
            return lus;
        }
    }
    public class LsaWrapperCaller
    {
        public static void AddPrivileges(string account, string privilege)
        {
            using (LsaWrapper lsaWrapper = new LsaWrapper())
            {
                lsaWrapper.AddPrivileges(account, privilege);
            }
        }
    }
}
'@

Add-Type -TypeDefinition $Source | Out-Null


# -------------------------
#  
# -------------------------
$UserName    = "Student"
$Password    = "Student"

Remove-Users | Out-Null
New-User $UserName $Password | Out-Null
Set-AutoLogon $UserName $Password | Out-Null
[MyLsaWrapper.LsaWrapperCaller]::AddPrivileges($UserName, "SeBatchLogonRight") | Out-Null
write-host "--         $UserName" -foregroundcolor Green
schtasks /create /tn LogonUserSettings /tr "pwsh C:\Scripts\SetupUser.ps1" /sc onlogon /ru $env:USERDOMAIN\$UserName /rp $Password /f


- Student



Function Set-Proxy {
    <#
    .SYNOPSIS
          
    .DESCRIPTION
              
    .EXAMPLE
        #Set-Proxy a.cproxy.ru 8080
    .PARAMETER Server
             ( )
    .PARAMETER Port
         ( )
    #>

    [CmdletBinding()]
    param (
        [PARAMETER(Mandatory=$True)][String]$Server,
        [PARAMETER(Mandatory=$True)][Int]$Port
        )

	If ((Test-NetConnection -ComputerName $Server -Port $Port).TcpTestSucceeded) {
		Set-ItemProperty -Path 'HKCU:\Software\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Internet Settings' -name ProxyServer -Value "$($Server):$($Port)"
		Set-ItemProperty -Path 'HKCU:\Software\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Internet Settings' -name ProxyEnable -Value 1
	} Else {
		Write-Error -Message "-- Invalid proxy server address or port:  $($Server):$($Port)"
	}
}

Function Set-AccessRule {
    <#
    .SYNOPSIS
           
    .DESCRIPTION
              
    .EXAMPLE
        #Set-AccessRule -Folder $env:USERPROFILE\Desktop\  -UserName $env:USERNAME -Rules CreateFiles,AppendData -AccessControlType Deny
    .PARAMETER Folder
        ,     ( )
    .PARAMETER UserName
           ,      ( )
    .PARAMETER Rules
           ( )
    .PARAMETER AccessControlType
         ,       : Allow  Deny
    #>
    [CmdletBinding()]
    param (
        [PARAMETER(Mandatory=$True)][String]$Folder,
        [PARAMETER(Mandatory=$True)][String]$UserName,
        [PARAMETER(Mandatory=$True)][String]$Rules,
        [PARAMETER(Mandatory=$True)][String]$AccessControlType
        )

    #   ACL  
    $acl = Get-Acl $Folder
    #    
    $fileSystemRights = [System.Security.AccessControl.FileSystemRights]"$Rules"
    #C    ,     
    $AccessRule = New-Object System.Security.AccessControl.FileSystemAccessRule($UserName, $fileSystemRights, $AccessControlType)
    #    FileSystemAccessRule   
    $acl.SetAccessRule($AccessRule)
    #   
    $acl | Set-Acl $Folder
}

function Set-PinnedApplication
{
    <#
    .SYNOPSIS
            
    .DESCRIPTION
                 
    .EXAMPLE
        #Set-PinnedApplication -Action UnpinfromTaskbar -FilePath "$env:ProgramFiles\Internet Explorer\iexplore.exe"
    .EXAMPLE
        #Set-PinnedApplication -Action PintoTaskbar -FilePath "${env:ProgramFiles(x86)}\Mozilla Firefox\firefox.exe"
    .PARAMETER Action
         ,       : UnpinfromTaskbar  PintoTaskbar
    .PARAMETER FilePath
           ,      ( )
    #>
    [CmdletBinding()]
    param(
            [Parameter(Mandatory=$True)][String]$Action, 
            [Parameter(Mandatory=$True)][String]$FilePath
    )
    if(-not (test-path $FilePath)) { 
        throw "FilePath does not exist."  
    }
    function InvokeVerb {
        param([string]$FilePath,$verb)
        $verb = $verb.Replace("&","")
        $path = split-path $FilePath
        $shell = new-object -com "Shell.Application" 
        $folder = $shell.Namespace($path)   
        $item = $folder.Parsename((split-path $FilePath -leaf))
        $itemVerb = $item.Verbs() | ? {$_.Name.Replace("&","") -eq $verb}
        if($itemVerb -eq $null){
            throw "Verb $verb not found."           
        } else {
            $itemVerb.DoIt()
        }
    }
    function GetVerb {
        param([int]$verbId)
        try {
            $t = [type]"CosmosKey.Util.MuiHelper"
        } catch {
            $def = [Text.StringBuilder]""
            [void]$def.AppendLine('[DllImport("user32.dll")]')
            [void]$def.AppendLine('public static extern int LoadString(IntPtr h,uint id, System.Text.StringBuilder sb,int maxBuffer);')
            [void]$def.AppendLine('[DllImport("kernel32.dll")]')
            [void]$def.AppendLine('public static extern IntPtr LoadLibrary(string s);')
            Add-Type -MemberDefinition $def.ToString() -name MuiHelper -namespace CosmosKey.Util            
        }
        if($global:CosmosKey_Utils_MuiHelper_Shell32 -eq $null){        
            $global:CosmosKey_Utils_MuiHelper_Shell32 = [CosmosKey.Util.MuiHelper]::LoadLibrary("shell32.dll")
        }
        $maxVerbLength=255
        $verbBuilder = New-Object Text.StringBuilder "",$maxVerbLength
        [void][CosmosKey.Util.MuiHelper]::LoadString($CosmosKey_Utils_MuiHelper_Shell32,$verbId,$verbBuilder,$maxVerbLength)
        return $verbBuilder.ToString()
    }
    $verbs = @{ 
        "PintoTaskbar"=5386
        "UnpinfromTaskbar"=5387
    }
    if($verbs.$Action -eq $null){
        Throw "Action $action not supported`nSupported actions are:`n`tPintoTaskbar`n`tUnpinfromTaskbar"
    }
    InvokeVerb -FilePath $FilePath -Verb $(GetVerb -VerbId $verbs.$action)
}

Set-Proxy cproxy.udsu.ru 8080
Set-AccessRule -Folder $env:USERPROFILE\Desktop\  -UserName $env:USERNAME -Rules "CreateFiles,AppendData,Delete" -AccessControlType Deny

Set-PinnedApplication -Action UnpinfromTaskbar -FilePath "$env:ProgramFiles\Internet Explorer\iexplore.exe"
Set-PinnedApplication -Action PintoTaskbar -FilePath "${env:ProgramFiles(x86)}\Mozilla Firefox\firefox.exe"
Set-PinnedApplication -Action PintoTaskbar -FilePath "$env:ProgramData\Microsoft\Windows\Start Menu\Programs\Microsoft Office 2013\Excel 2013.lnk"
Set-PinnedApplication -Action PintoTaskbar -FilePath "$env:ProgramData\Microsoft\Windows\Start Menu\Programs\Microsoft Office 2013\Word 2013.lnk"
Set-PinnedApplication -Action PintoTaskbar -FilePath "$env:ProgramData\Microsoft\Windows\Start Menu\Programs\Microsoft Office 2013\PowerPoint 2013.lnk"
Set-PinnedApplication -Action PintoTaskbar -FilePath "$env:ProgramData\Microsoft\Windows\Start Menu\Programs\\-3D V16\-3D V16.lnk"

#  ,   
Unregister-ScheduledTask -TaskName UdSUSettingStudent -Confirm:$false




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